N. 9 (2016)
Table of Contents
Researches and essays
The Spanish soldier and the Rifian warrior. The construction of masculinity in Spanish colonialism in Morocco (1900-1927), 1-24
Gemma Torres Delgado
Social attacks and the emergence of individualized violence in labor conflicts in Barcelona (1902-1917), 25-50
Juan Marinello Bonnefoy
Radical Catalanism, integral nationalism and fascism in Catalonia in the 1930s: historiography, theory and the state of the issue, 51-82
Daniel Roig i Sanz
Make America? The return and repatriation of Spaniards in migration studies, 83-106
Alicia Gil Lázaro
The birth of Alianza Popular as a confluence of Franco’s survival projects (1974-1976), 107-134
Miguel Del Río Morillas
Debates and dialogues
Between exaltations and censorship: the public discourse on Italian resistance seventy years after the Liberazione, 135-144
Santo Peli, Filippo Focardi
Reviews and lecture notes, 145-218
Abstracts and Keywords
The Spanish soldier and the Rifian warrior. The construction of masculinity in Spanish colonialism in Morocco (1900-1927)
Gemma Torres Delgado
This article analyzes Spanish colonial discourse about Morocco from a gender perspective in the context of the Rif wars. It focuses on the most reactionary sectors of military Africanism. It analyzes how—in this colonial context and in dialogue with the image of the Riffian man—a very specific archetype of Spanish virility is built: the soldier. This happens during a period—the twenties—of transformation and redefinition of normative masculinity in Spain. This archetype is a key element in the culture of the military who revolted against the Spanish Republic.
masculinity; colonialism; Morroco; Rif wars; gender
Social attacks and the emergence of individualized violence in labor conflicts in Barcelona, 1902-1917
Juan Marinello Bonnefoy
The concept of “social attacks” was used to describe the forms of violence associated with the pistolerismo era. This idea emphasized a unique aspect of trade union violence in Barcelona: the existence of individualized assaults as opposed to the collective nature of violence in other settings. The article analyzes the emergence of this violence through three turning points: the policy change regarding public order from a reactive to a preventive stance after the general strike of 1902; the development of organized attacks during the metal strikes of 1910; and the first attacks against employers of the textile industry.
social attacks; violence; trade unionism; strikes; Barcelona
Radical Catalanism, integral nationalism and fascism in Catalonia in the 1930s: historiography, theory and the state of the issue
Daniel Roig i Sanz
Although the debate on the existence of a catalan –and separatist– fascism has had a limited impact, this paper aims at approaching this matter through an historiographical journey around the main theoretical contributions, produced from the seventies until now, to this epistemological problem. In this regard, drawing from the contentious issues around the ‘escamots’ of Estat Català during the thirties, this work explores the scientific and educational production on the history of the Catalan separatism of that period. This paper also presents an analytical framework and an historic interpretation of the political and ideological sectors of the separatist movement, which steaming from an integral nationalism of Maurrassian origins, would adopt a good number of the ingredients, rhetoric and receipts of the new European radical right wing.
radical catalanism; integral nationalism; fascism; historiography
Make America? The return and repatriation of Spaniards in migration studies
Alicia Gil Lázaro
This article deals with the historiographical analyze of the migration studies, in particular about return migration, with emphasis in the perspective of repatriation of immigrants since the last third of 19th century and during the first half of 20th. To that end, we recover first the pioneering work of the sociologist Juan Francisco Marsal, called Hacer la América, biografía de un emigrante, published for the first time in 1969 in Buenos Aires. After that, we analyze the return migration in Spanish historiography, and then, we finish with an assessment of the recent production about repatriation of immigrants by the Spanish State
Return; repatriation; emigrants; immigrants; State
The birth of Alianza Popular as a confluence of Franco’s survival projects (1974-1976)
Miguel Del Río Morillas
Most of the historiography and studies usually focus the origins of Popular Alliance exclusively on the experience of GODSA, Democratic Reform and Manuel Fraga, without highlighting the importance of the remaining components of the platform (6 political associations of Franco origin). This article aims to analyze one of the political origins of the main backbone match of the current Spanish right (the Popular Party) as confluence of projects and Francoist political cultures of various kinds. A convergence process that would begin from 1974-1975 with the intent of unification of various political forces of July 18 around a great political association of the National Movement.
Popular Alliance; Far right; neo-Francoism; Francoism reformism; National Movement